What are operators?

fig :- operator 

 Operators are the special symbols that perform a specific and logical task to execute a program. some of the operators are given here let's discuss them below:-

a) Arithmetical operator:- these types of operators are used for general mathematical calculation   

Addition (+)   e.g. A+B 

Subtraction (-)   e.g. A-B 

Modulus (%) to find the remainder e.g. A%B 

Division (/)   e.g. A/B 

Multiplication(*)   e.g. A*B 

b) Relational operator :- relational operators are used to compare the value of variables.it return the value in true or false.  

operator	Let's assume Age = 20	Result
<     (greater than)	Age > 19	False
>    (less than )	Age < 25	True
<=  (less than equal to )	Age <= 18	False
>=  (greater then equal to)	Age >= 20	True
= =  (equal)	Age = = 18	Fale

Fig:- table of operator  

• Logical operator:- logical operators are used to combining two or more two conditions at once. Let's be clear with an example, age = 25 

&&	AND	age >18 &&  age < 50
||	OR	age > 18 || age <50
!	NOT	age >18 ! age <50

c) Conditional operator:- if we have a simple if-else condition then we can use them here with conditional operators, let's be clear with  

Condition? Expression1  | expression2; 

Between given number, if we need to check the condition and print the greatest number then  

 

int a = 10;

int b = 5, 

int c;

C = (a > b) ? a | b;

  a  is greatest 

Condition is checked at first, if the condition is true it will print expression1, other-wise it will go for condition2. 

d) Assignment operator:- assignment operators are used to assigning the value to variables or to assign the result of an expression as a variable. For example  

Int a = 10; 

The value that is on the right side (10) will be assigned in a 

• Increment/ decrement operator:- increment increase and decrement decrease the value of a variable by one(I++) (I--) in c. both increment and decrement are use in a single variable so they are also called unary operators. 

It is of two types they are:- 

1. 1) Pre increment/ pre decrement:- Operators use before the variables, it firstly increments the value of a variable and then initializes to another variable. Let's be clear with an example:- 

#include <stdio.h> 

int main()   

{  

int x = 10;   

int y, z;   

// y  = ++x;  

z  = -- x;   

// printf(" y =  %d\n", y);  // comment are used to print the correct value of a program (you can uncomment them and check it) 

printf("z = %d\n", z);  

return 0;  

} 

 

 

Output  

x= 11  

y= 11 

z= 9 

2. 2) Post increment/ decrement:- operators are use after the variables,  first, it initializes the value of a variable to another variable and increases or decreases the value of a variable. 

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

int main()

{

  int x = 10;

  int y, z;

  // y  = x++;

  z = x--; // printf(" y =  %d\n", y);  // comment are used to print the 

correct value of a program (you can uncomment them and check it)

  printf("z = %d\n", z);

  return 0;

  getch();

}

Output  

x= 11 

y= 10 

z= 10 

• e) Bitwise operator:- bitwise operators are used to manipulating in bit level. We use this to check the bit or to shift the bit to right or left  

&	Bitwise AND
\	Bitwise OR
^	Bitwise exclusive OR
<<	Bitwise left shift
>>	Bitwise right shift

• f) Special operator:- special operators are listed below let's discuss them here 

  1. 1) Size of operator:- they are used to check the size of variable and space in the memory, for example, int has 2 bit so it takes 2-bit memory. How to use this? Let's see:- 

  
  

  #include <stdio.h>

  #include <conio.h>

  void main()

  {

    int c, a = 100;

    c = sizeof(a);

    printf("size of a is %d ", c);

  }

  
  

  output  

  size of a is 4 

   

  2. 2) Comma operators:- these operators are used to link the same type of operators, it will be evaluated from left to right,  

  Int a, b, c, x; 

   a  = (b = 10, c = 20, x = a + b);  

  Output is x = 30. // 10 + 20  

  And value of x  will be assign to a, so a = 30.